General Science Important MCQs for All Competitive Exams 2025: A to Z Details
A – About General Science
General Science tests foundational scientific knowledge and its application, appearing in exams like SSC CGL (5-7 Qs), UPSC Prelims (5-10 Qs), IBPS PO (2-4 Qs), and RRB NTPC (8-10 Qs).
B – Basic Scope
- Physics: Mechanics, Heat, Light, Electricity, Sound.
- Chemistry: Elements, Reactions, Acids-Bases, Organic Chemistry.
- Biology: Human Body, Plants, Diseases, Environment.
C – Coverage
- Static: NCERT-based facts (e.g., laws of motion, periodic table).
- Dynamic: Recent developments (e.g., ISRO missions, vaccines).
D – Difficulty Level
- Easy to Moderate (Class 10 level).
- Some exams (e.g., UPSC) may include application-based questions.
E – Exam Relevance
- SSC: 5-10% of Tier-I (5-7 Qs).
- UPSC: 5-10 Qs in GS Paper I.
- Banking: 2-5 Qs (IBPS, SBI PO/Clerk).
- Railways: 8-12 Qs in RRB NTPC/Group D.
F – Free MCQ Set (Important for 2025)
Below are 10 MCQs reflecting common patterns:
- Question: What is the SI unit of force?
- A) Watt
- B) Newton
- C) Joule
- D) Pascal
- Answer: B) Newton
- Explanation: Force = mass × acceleration; unit is Newton (kg·m/s²).
- Question: Which gas is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Carbon Dioxide
- C) Nitrogen
- D) Hydrogen
- Answer: C) Nitrogen
- Explanation: Nitrogen constitutes ~78% of the atmosphere.
- Question: What is the powerhouse of the cell?
- A) Nucleus
- B) Mitochondria
- C) Ribosome
- D) Golgi Body
- Answer: B) Mitochondria
- Explanation: Mitochondria produce ATP, the cell’s energy currency.
- Question: Which acid is present in the stomach?
- A) Nitric Acid
- B) Sulphuric Acid
- C) Hydrochloric Acid
- D) Citric Acid
- Answer: C) Hydrochloric Acid
- Explanation: HCl aids digestion in the stomach.
- Question: What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
- A) 3 × 10⁶ m/s
- B) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
- C) 3 × 10¹⁰ m/s
- D) 3 × 10⁴ m/s
- Answer: B) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
- Explanation: Light travels at ~300,000 km/s in a vacuum.
- Question: Which element has the atomic number 1?
- A) Helium
- B) Hydrogen
- C) Lithium
- D) Carbon
- Answer: B) Hydrogen
- Explanation: Hydrogen is the lightest element with atomic number 1.
- Question: What vitamin is produced by sunlight exposure?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin B
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin D
- Answer: D) Vitamin D
- Explanation: Skin synthesizes Vitamin D from UV rays.
- Question: What is the primary source of energy for Earth?
- A) Moon
- B) Sun
- C) Wind
- D) Geothermal
- Answer: B) Sun
- Explanation: Solar energy drives climate and life processes.
- Question: Which metal is liquid at room temperature?
- A) Iron
- B) Mercury
- C) Copper
- D) Gold
- Answer: B) Mercury
- Explanation: Mercury’s melting point is -38.83°C, liquid at ~25°C.
- Question: What gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Nitrogen
- C) Carbon Dioxide
- D) Hydrogen
- Answer: C) Carbon Dioxide
- Explanation: Plants use CO₂ + sunlight to produce glucose.
G – Goals of Preparation
- Score 80-90% in General Science sections.
- Master NCERT basics and link with current events.
H – High-Weightage Topics
- Physics: Motion, Electricity, Optics (5-7 Qs across exams).
- Chemistry: Periodic Table, Chemical Reactions (3-5 Qs).
- Biology: Human Physiology, Diseases, Ecology (5-8 Qs).
I – Important Resources
- Books: NCERT Science (Class 6-10), Lucent General Science.
- Online: BYJU’S free videos, Unacademy (free classes), X posts on science updates.
J – Justify MCQs
MCQs test factual recall and basic application, common across all exams for quick scoring.
K – Key Topics for 2025
- Physics: Laws of Motion, Heat Transfer, Sound Waves.
- Chemistry: Acids-Bases, Metals-Nonmetals, Organic Compounds.
- Biology: Nutrition, Reproduction, Environmental Issues.
- Current: Space missions (e.g., Gaganyaan), health (e.g., new vaccines).
L – Learning Strategy
- Step 1: Read NCERTs (1-2 chapters/day).
- Step 2: Solve 20-30 MCQs/topic post-reading.
- Step 3: Revise weekly with flashcards.
M – Mock Tests
- Practice 50-100 MCQs weekly from platforms like Gradeup, Testbook (free sets).
- Simulate exam conditions (e.g., 10 Qs in 10 min).
N – Negative Marking
- Common: -0.25 (SSC, Banking), -0.66 (UPSC). Attempt only confident answers.
O – Official Syllabus
- Varies by exam but aligns with NCERT Class 6-10:
- Physics: Motion, Energy, Light.
- Chemistry: Elements, Reactions.
- Biology: Life Processes, Ecology.
P – Preparation Tips
- Memorize: SI units, periodic table (1-20 elements), vitamins.
- Link: Science news (e.g., ISRO’s 2025 plans) with static topics.
- Practice: 500+ MCQs by May 2025.
Q – Quick Facts
- Human Body: 206 bones, 639 muscles.
- Earth: 71% water, 9,300 km circumference.
- Physics: Gravity = 9.8 m/s².
R – Revision Plan
- Daily: 10 MCQs on weak topics.
- Weekly: Full subject recap (e.g., Physics on Mondays).
- Monthly: 100 Qs across all sciences.
S – Sample Weightage (Across Exams)
| Subject | Questions (Est.) | Key Areas |
|---|---|---|
| Physics | 3-5 | Motion, Electricity |
| Chemistry | 2-4 | Elements, Reactions |
| Biology | 4-6 | Physiology, Environment |
T – Time Management
- Aim for 30-45 sec/Q in practice.
- Prioritize Biology (quick recall) in mixed sections.
U – Updates for 2025
- Focus on ISRO’s Gaganyaan (human spaceflight, expected 2025).
- Health: New pandemics/vaccines from 2024-25 news.
V – Variety of Questions
- Factual (e.g., “What is H₂O?”).
- Application (e.g., “Which gas causes greenhouse effect?”).
- Current (e.g., “Which satellite launched in 2024?”).
W – Weak Areas
- Physics: Numerical-based (e.g., work-energy).
- Chemistry: Organic nomenclature.
- Biology: Plant physiology.
X – X-Factor
- NCERT mastery ensures 80%+ accuracy.
- Current science news (e.g., X posts on ISRO) can add 2-3 marks.
Y – Yearly Trends
- 2024: Biology-heavy (diseases), Physics (optics), Chemistry (periodic table).
- 2025 Expectation: Balanced with current science focus.
Z – Zero Stress Tips
- Solve 20 Qs/day (10 min).
- Use apps like Quizlet for flashcards.
- Rest well before mocks/exam.
Notes
- MCQ Relevance: The set reflects common, high-frequency topics across 2025 exams. For more, check SSC/UPSC past papers (2019-2024).
- 2025 Focus: Expect 1-2 Qs on recent science events (e.g., Gaganyaan, climate tech).
- Practice: Aim for 1,000+ MCQs by June 2025 from free sources (Testbook, Gradeup).
This guide equips you with a roadmap for General Science prep. Let me know if you need more MCQs or topic-specific details!